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Lab #13 : LAMP

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This is an extra credit lab and it applies concepts learned throughout the tutorial. Here you’ll install some PHP and HTML files to run a small application that uploads large text and binary image files.

LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl, PHP, Python) has many derivative labels. It is a platform that deploys Apache Modules instead of CGI (Common Gateway Interface) Server-Side Includes (SSIs). In lieu of Java, C#, or C++, this stack uses common scripting languages, like Perl, PHP, or Python. They each have benefits and hurdles but they’re free of licensing expense to companies that deploy them. Alternatively, you can implement Microsoft’s Internet Information Services (IIS) as a web server.

The following are the most widely used:

  • LAMP – Linux, Apache, MySQL, and Perl, PHP, or Python
  • MAMP – Mac OS X, Apache, MySQL, and Perl, PHP, or Python
  • OLAP – Oracle, Linux, Apache, and Perl, PHP, or Python
  • OWAP – Oracle, Windows, Apache, and Perl, PHP, or Python
  • SAMP – Solaris, Apache, MySQL, and Perl, PHP, or Python
  • WAMP – Windows, Apache, MySQL, and Perl, PHP, or Python
  • WIMP – Windows, Internet Information Services (IIS), MySQL, and Perl, PHP, or Python
  • XAMPP – Cross (X) Platform, Apache, MariaDB (Open Source MySQL), PHP and Perl

Objectives ↓

All the lab objectives are based on the Fedora instance, and all core components have been deployed. Your lab objectives are limited to the following four things, which you can see in steps below. Expand this section to read a summary of the 10 steps below.

  1. Create a lob subdirectory in the /var/www/html directory.
  2. Create the following files with the source code provided in the /var/www/html/lob directory, or copy the following files from their staged location in Fedora’s instance. The files are stored in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/web directory.

    • ConvertMySQLBlobToImage.php
    • MySQLCredentials.inc
    • UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm
    • UploadItemDescMySQL.php
    • UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm
    • UploadItemBlobMySQL.php
  3. Create a client directory in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql directory.
  4. Create image and text directories in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client directory.
  5. Download & extract the text files into the /home/student/Data/mysql/client/text directory.
  6. Download & extract the image files into the /home/student/Data/mysql/client/image directory.
  7. Connect to MySQL using the studentdb database and run the create_mysql_store_ri2.sql and seed_mysql_store_ri2.sql script files.
  8. Modify the item table by adding both a large text and binary image column in the studentdb database.
  9. Test with the UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm form.
  10. Test with the UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm form.

The following detailed instructions walk you through the lab objectives. They should help you see and understand how relational databases support real time web applications.

  1. [2 points] Create a lob subdirectory in the /var/www/html directory.

Instruction Details ↓

Open a terminal session. Use the following command to change user account from the student user to the root user:

su - root

As the root user, change the directory from the /root directory to the /var/www/html directory, and create a lob subdirectory with the following syntax:

cd /var/www/html
mkdir lob

Change to the lob directory, and verify the directory with the following commands:

cd /var/www/html/lob
pwd

It should return the following:

/var/www/html/lob

Keep the session open because you’ll need to use it in future steps. This completes this step.

  1. [2 points] Create the following files with the source code provided in the /var/www/html/lob directory, or copy the following files from their staged location in Fedora’s instance. The files are stored in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/web directory.

Instruction Details ↓

The program files are in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/web directory of the Fedora image. If you don’t have the current Fedora image, you can create the files with the following source code as the student user. After you create the files, you will use the previous root terminal session to move the files from where you created them to where the Apache server can access them.

MySQLCredentials.inc

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<?php
  // Connection variables.
  define('HOSTNAME',"localhost");
  define('USERNAME',"student");
  define('PASSWORD',"student");
  define('DATABASE',"studentdb");
?>

UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm

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<html>
<head>
<title>
  UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm
</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="uploadForm"
      action="UploadItemDescMySQL.php"
      enctype="multipart/form-data"
      method="post">
  <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Item Number</td>
      <td>
        <input id="id" name="id" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Item Title</td>
      <td>
        <input id="title" name="title" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Select File</td>
      <td>
        <input id="uploadfilename" name="userfile" type="file">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Click Button to</td>
      <td><input type="submit" value="Upload File"></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

UploadItemDescMySQL.php

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<head>
<title>
  Extension of Chapter 8 : UploadItemBlobMySQL.php
</title>
<style>
.e {background-color: #ccccff; font-weight: bold; color: #000000;}
.v {background-color: #cccccc; color: #000000;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<?php
  // Set database credentials.
  include_once("MySQLCredentials.inc");
 
  // Displayed moved file in web page.
  $item_desc = process_uploaded_file();
 
  // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
  if (!$c = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
    // Print user message.
    print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
    // Assign the mysqli_error() and format double and single quotes.
    print mysqli_error();
 
    // Kill the resource.
    die();
  }
  else {
    // Declare input variables.
    $id = (isset($_POST['id']))    ? (int) $_POST['id'] : $id = 21;
    $title = (isset($_POST['title'])) ? $_POST['title'] : $title = "Harry #1";
 
    // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
    $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
    // Declare a PL/SQL execution command.
    $sql = "Update item  set item_desc = ? where item_id = ?";
 
    // Prepate statement and link it to a connection.
    if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
      mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"si",$item_desc,$id);
 
      // Execute it and print success or failure message.
      if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
        query_insert($id,$title);
      }
      else {
        print "You're target row doesn't exist.";
      }
    }
    // Disconnect from database.
    mysqli_close($c);
  }
 
  // Query results afret an insert.
  function query_insert($id,$title)
  {
    // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
    if (!$c  = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
      // Print user message.
      print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
      // Assign the OCI error and format double and single quotes.
      print mysqli_error();
 
      // Kill the resource.
      die();
    }
    else {
 
      // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
      $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
      // Declare a SQL SELECT statement returning a CLOB.
      $sql = "SELECT item_desc FROM item WHERE item_id = ?";
 
      // Prepare statement.
      if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
        mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"i",$id);
 
        // Execute it and print success or failure message.
        if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
 
          // Bind result to local variable.
	      mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $desc);
 
          // Read result.
          mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);
 
          // Format HTML table to display biography.
          $out = '<table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">';
          $out .= '<tr>';
          $out .= '<td align="center" class="e">'.$title.'</td>';
          $out .= '</tr>';
          $out .= '<tr>';
          $out .= '<td class="v">'.$desc.'</td>';
          $out .= '</tr>';
          $out .= '</table>';
 
          // Print the HTML table.
          print $out;
        }
      }
 
      // Disconnect from database.
      mysqli_close($c);
    }
  }
 
  // Manage file upload and return file as string.
  function process_uploaded_file()
  {
    // Declare a variable for file contents.
    $contents = "";
 
    // Define the upload file name for Windows or Linux.
    if (preg_match(".Win32.",$_SERVER["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]))
      $upload_file = getcwd()."\\temp\\".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
    else {
      // $upload_file = getcwd()."/temp/".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
      $upload_file = "/tmp/".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
    }
 
    // Check for and move uploaded file.
    if (is_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name']))
      move_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name'],$upload_file);
 
    // Open a file handle and suppress an error for a missing file.
    if ($fp = @fopen($upload_file,"r"))
    {
      // Read until the end-of-file marker.
      while (!feof($fp))
        $contents .= fgetc($fp);
      // Close an open file handle.
      fclose($fp);
    }
    // Return file content as string.
    return $contents;
  }
?>
</body>
</html>

UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm

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<html>
<head>
<title>
  UploadItemBlobFormMySQL.htm
</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="uploadForm"
      action="UploadItemBlobMySQL.php"
      enctype="multipart/form-data"
      method="post">
  <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Item Number</td>
      <td>
        <input id="id" name="id" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Item Title</td>
      <td>
        <input id="title" name="title" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Select File</td>
      <td>
        <input id="uploadfilename" name="userfile" type="file">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=175>Click Button to</td>
      <td><input type="submit" value="Upload File"></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

UploadItemBlobMySQL.php

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<html>
<head>
<title>
  Sample Demonstrating Large Text and Blob Data
</title>
<style>
.e {background-color: #ccccff; font-weight: bold; color: #000000;}
.v {background-color: #cccccc; color: #000000;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<?php
  // Set database credentials.
  include_once("MySQLCredentials.inc");
 
  // Displayed moved file in web page.
  $item_blob = process_uploaded_file();
 
  // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
  if (!$c = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
    // Print user message.
    print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
    // Assign the mysqli_error() error and format double and single quotes.
    print mysqli_error();
 
    // Kill the resource.
    die();
  }
  else {
    // Declare input variables.
    $id = (isset($_POST['id'])) ? (int) $_POST['id'] : 1021;
    $title = (isset($_POST['title'])) ? $_POST['title'] : "Harry #1";
 
    // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
    $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
   // Declare a PL/SQL execution command.
    $sql = "UPDATE item SET item_blob = ? WHERE item_id =  ?";
 
    // Prepare statement and link it to a connection.
    if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
      mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"bi",$item_blob,$id);
 
      // Send the binary data.
      $start = 0;
      $chunk = 8192;
      while ($start < strlen($item_blob)) {
        mysqli_stmt_send_long_data($stmt,0,substr($item_blob,$start,$chunk));
        $start += $chunk;
      }
 
      // Execute the PL/SQL statement.
      if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
        query_insert($id,$title);
      }
      else {
        print "You're target row doesn't exist.";
      }
    }
    else { print "mysqli_stmt_prepare() failed."; }
    // Disconnect from database.
    mysqli_close($c);
  }
 
  // Query results afret an insert.
  function query_insert($id,$title)
  {
    // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
    if (!$c = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
      // Print user message.
      print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
      // Assign the OCI error and format double and single quotes.
      print mysqli_error();
 
      // Kill the resource.
      die();
    }
    else {
 
      // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
      $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
      // Declare a SQL SELECT statement returning a CLOB.
      $sql = "SELECT item_desc FROM item WHERE item_id = ?";
 
      // Prepare statement and link it to a connection.
      if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
        mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"i",$id);
 
        // Execute the PL/SQL statement.
        if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
 
          // Bind result to local variable.
          mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $data);
 
          // Read result.
          mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);
 
          // Format HTML table to display BLOB photo and CLOB description.
          $out = '<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0">';
          $out .= '<tr>';
          $out .= '<td align="center" class="e">'.$title.'</td>';
          $out .= '</tr>';
          $out .= '<tr><td class="v">';
          $out .= '<div>';
          $out .= '<div style="margin-right:5px;float:left">';
          $out .= '<img src="ConvertMySQLBlobToImage.php?id='.$id.'">';
          $out .= '</div>';
          $out .= '<div style="position=relative;">'.$data.'</div>';
          $out .= '</div>';
          $out .= '</td></tr>';
          $out .= '</table>';
 
          // Print the HTML table.
          print $out;
        }
        else {
          print "You're target row doesn't exist.";
        }
      }
 
      // Disconnect from database.
      mysqli_close($c);
    }
  }
 
  // Manage file upload and return file as string.
  function process_uploaded_file()
  {
    // Declare a variable for file contents.
    $contents = "";
 
    // Define the upload file name for Windows or Linux.
    if (preg_match(".Win32.",$_SERVER["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]))
      $upload_file = "C:\\temp\\".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
    else
      $upload_file = "/tmp/".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
 
    // Check for and move uploaded file.
    if (is_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name']))
      move_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name'],$upload_file);
 
    // Open a file handle and suppress an error for a missing file.
    if ($fp = @fopen($upload_file,"r"))
    {
      // Read until the end-of-file marker.
      while (!feof($fp))
        $contents .= fgetc($fp);
 
      // Close an open file handle.
      fclose($fp);
    }
 
    // Return file content as string.
    return $contents;
  }
?>
</body>
</html>

ConvertMySQLBlobToImage.php

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<?php
  // Database credentials must be set manually because an include_once() function
  // call puts something ahead of the header, which causes a failure when rendering
  // an image.
 
  // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
  if (!$c = @mysqli_connect("localhost","student","student","studentdb")) {
 
    // Print user message.
    print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
    // Assign the OCI error and format double and single quotes.
    print mysqli_error();
 
    // Kill the resource.
    die();
  }
  else {
 
    // Declare input variables.
    $id = (isset($_GET['id'])) ? (int) $_GET['id'] : 1023;
 
    // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
    $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
    // Declare a SQL SELECT statement returning a MediumBLOB.
    $sql = "SELECT item_blob FROM item WHERE item_id = ?";
 
    // Prepare statement and link it to a connection.
    if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
      mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"i",$id);
 
      // Execute the PL/SQL statement.
      if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
 
        // Bind result to local variable.
	      mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $image);
 
        // Read result.
        mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);
      }
    } 
 
    // Disconnect from database.
    mysqli_close($c);
 
    // Print the header first.
    header('Content-type: image/x-png');
    imagepng(imagecreatefromstring($image));
  }
?>

After you have edited these files a student directory, you can move them as the root user to where the Apache web server can access them. Assuming you followed the instructions, you should have them in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/web directory. Open a new session, or use the open session from step 1, and use the su command to become the root user.

As the root user, change directory as follows:

cd /var/www/html/lob

Copy the files to from the student‘s directory to this directory with the following syntax:

cp /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/web/* .
  1. [2 points] Create a client directory in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql directory./li>

Instruction Details ↓

Open a terminal session. As the student user, create the client directory as a subdirectory in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql directory:

cd /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql
mkdir client

Change to the new client directory and verify the directory with the pwd command:

cd /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client
pwd

It should return the following:

/home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client

Keep the session open because will need it in future steps. This completes this step.

  1. [2 points] Create image and text directories in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client directory.

Instruction Details ↓

Open a terminal session. As the student user, create the text and image directories as subdirectories in the /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client directory:

cd /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client
mkdir text
mkdir image

Verify the new subdirectories from the client directory with the pwd and ls commands:

pwd
ls

It should return the following:

image  text

Keep the session open because will need it in step 7 when you log into the MySQL database. This completes this step.

  1. [2 points] You can find the text files that you need to download for the lab in this Text File zip file. Unzip it into the /home/student/Data/mysql/client/text directory.

Instruction Details ↓

When you click on the textfiles.zip link, you should see the following dialog:

LAMPText_01

Click the OK button to open the textfiles.zip file:

LAMPText_02

Click the Extract button to extract the files to the target directory. The /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client/text is the target directory.

LAMPText_03

This completes downloading the text files.

  1. [2 points] You can find the text files that you need to download for the lab in this Image File zip file. Unzip it into the /home/student/Data/mysql/client/image directory.

Instruction Details ↓

When you click on the imagefiles.zip link, you should see the following dialog:

LAMPImage_01

Click the OK button to open the imagefiles.zip file:

LAMPImage_02

Click the Extract button to extract the files to the target directory. The /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/client/image is the target directory.

LAMPImage_03

This completes downloading the text files.

  1. [2 points] Connect to MySQL using the studentdb database and run the create_mysql_store_ri2.sql and seed_mysql_store_ri2.sql script files.

Instruction Details ↓

Open a terminal session if you closed the terminal session from step 4. As the student user, connect to MySQL with the following syntax:

mysql -ustudent -pstudent -Dstudentdb

Run the the studentdb database and run the create_mysql_store_ri2.sql and seed_mysql_store_ri2.sql script files with the following syntax:

\. /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/lib/create_mysql_store_ri2.sql
\. /home/student/Data/cit225/mysql/lib/seed_mysql_store_ri2.sql

Keep the session open because you will modify the item table in step 8. This completes this step.

  1. [2 points] Modify the item table by adding both a large text and binary image column in the studentdb database. Label the large text column item_desc and use the text data type. Label the binary image column item_blob and use the mediumblob data type. Open the following instruction details to see the statement syntax.

Instruction Details ↓

Use the following ALTER statement to add the large text and binary image columns to the item table:

ALTER TABLE item
ADD (item_desc TEXT, item_blob MEDIUMBLOB);

After modifying the table you can verify whether it’s correct by describing it. It should show the following:

+-------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field             | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| item_id           | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| item_barcode      | char(18)         | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| item_type         | int(10) unsigned | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                |
| item_title        | char(60)         | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| item_subtitle     | char(60)         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| item_rating_id    | int(10) unsigned | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                |
| item_release_date | date             | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| created_by        | int(10) unsigned | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                |
| creation_date     | date             | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| last_updated_by   | int(10) unsigned | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                |
| last_update_date  | date             | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| item_desc         | text             | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| item_blob         | mediumblob       | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)

After you’ve added the large text and binary large image columns, you have completed this step.

  1. [2 points] Test with the UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm form.

Instruction Details ↓

You need to launch the UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm in the browser of your Fedora image. Use the following URL:

http://localhost/lob/UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm

You should then input the following values and select the HarryPotter1.txt file from the /home/student/Data/student/cit225/client/text directory:

  • Item Number: 1001
  • Item Title: Harry Potter

The completed form should look like the following. Click the Upload File button to continue.

LAMPDescBrowser01

You should see the following result posted, which means the file was copied, uploaded to the server, and then inserted into MySQL.

LAMPDescBrowser02

This completes the test of uploading a large text file.

  1. [2 points] Test with the UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm form.

Instruction Details ↓

You need to launch the UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm in the browser of your Fedora image. Use the following URL:

http://localhost/lob/UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm

You should then input the following values and select the HarryPotter1.png file from the /home/student/Data/student/cit225/client/image directory:

  • Item Number: 1001
  • Item Title: Harry Potter

The completed form should look like the following. Click the Upload File button to continue.

LAMPBlobBrowser01

You should see the following result posted, which means the file was copied, uploaded to the server, and then inserted into MySQL.

LAMPBlobBrowser02

This completes the test of uploading a large text file.

Written by michaelmclaughlin

March 25th, 2010 at 11:25 pm

Posted in

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